Assessment of Infection Control Practices in Bolan Medical Complex and Sandeman Provincial Hospital of Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan

Pakistan has a double burden of disease, with more than 40% of the population suffering from infectious diseases. Therefore, in order to lower the risk of dangerous, avoidable infections among patients and healthcare staff, effective hospital infection control programmes are crucial from both an economic and a therapeutic standpoint. The goal of the study was to locate any gaps in current infection control and preventive procedures. The two teaching hospitals Bolan Medical Complex and Sandeman Provincial Hospital in Quetta were the sites of this cross-sectional investigation. In the SAMPLE, 161 people participated. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 was used to analyse the data, which was gathered via data sheets and questionnaires. The findings revealed that the Infection Control Committee (ICC) member's view of health-associated infections (HAIs) was ultimately determined to be inconsequential (P=0.6), and their perception that the staff education level may be a contributing factor was also shown to be unimportant (P=0.1). The operation theatre, labour room, lab and blood bank, OPD, and wards at BMC were evaluated in reference to the steps taken there for infection control and prevention, and the results were observed 30, 25, 15,14, and 15 accordingly. It was shown that the primary reason for the poor results was the negative perception of the ICC towards infection control and prevention. Therefore, it is necessary to alter how ICC is seen.

Prácticas pa ra la prevención de accidentes en el hogar en cuidadores de niños de 1 a 5 años en un barrio de Cartagena (Colombia) / Practices for the prevention of accidents in the home in caregivers of children from 1 to 5 years in a district of Cartagena (Colombia)

Introducción: los accidentes en la población infantil constituyen una importante causa de morbilidad y mortalidad convirtiéndose hoy día en un problema de salud pública mundial, principalmente la población más afectada son los niños en etapa preescolar, por la vulnerabilidad y dependencia del cuidador. Objetivos: describir las prácticas para la prevención de accidentes en el hogar en cuidadores de niños de 1 a 5 años en un barrio de Cartagena (Colombia). Materiales y métodos: estudio cuantitativo descriptivo transversal. Constituido por 354 cuidadores de niños menores de 5 años, se utilizó la técnica de observación y la aplicación del instrumento con base a la práctica N° 15 de AIEPI (Atención Integrada a las Enfermedades Prevalentes de la Infancia). Resultados: socio demográficamente los cuidadores fueron principalmente de género femenino (87%), con 20 ­ 29 años de edad (44,9%), madres de los niños (61,3%), conviven en unión libre (54,2%), son bachilleres (50,3%), de estrato uno (91,8%), amas de casa (62,7%), con hijos (93,8%), residen en casas (54,5%). Los niños de 1 a 5 años fueron mayoritariamente de género masculino (51,7%), y han presentado accidentes (75,1%), sobre todo, caídas (61,9%). El nivel de riesgo de accidentes en el hogar fue bajo (85%), y las prácticas de prevención suelen ser regulares (55,1%). Conclusión: los niños enfrentan relativamente bajo riesgo de accidente en el hogar, sin embargo, las prácticas para prevenirlos resultan ser regulares..(AU)

Introduction: accidents in children are an important cause of morbidity and mortality,becoming today a global public health problem, mainly the most affected population are children in preschool, for the vulnerability and dependence of the caregiver. Objectives:to describe the practices for the prevention of accidents at home in caregivers of children from 1 to 5 years of age, in a neighborhood of Cartagena (Colombia). Materials and methods: quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Consisting of 354 caregivers of children under 5 years of age, the technique of observation and the application of the instrument was used based on practice No. 15 of IMCI (Integrated Management of Childhood Illness). Results: demographic partner caregivers were mainly female (87%), with 20 - 29 years of age (44.9%), mothers of children (61.3%), live together in a free union (54.2%), are high school graduates (50.3%), of stratum one (91.8%), housewives (62.7%), with children (93.8%), reside in houses (54.5%). Children from 1 to 5 years old were male (51.7%), and had accidents (75.1%), especially falls (61.9%). The level of accident risk in the home was low (85%), and prevention practices are usually regular (55.1%). Conclusion: children face relatively low risk of accident in the home, however, practices to prevent them turn out to be regular..(AU)

Factors Affecting Prevention Practices Of Dengue Fever Within The Communities In Aceh Province, Indonesia

@#Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease that occurs in tropical and sub-tropical areas of the world. A severe form of dengue fever, also called dengue haemorrhagic fever, can cause severe bleeding, a sudden drop in blood pressure (shock) and death. The incidence of dengue fever has grown dramatically around the world in recent decades. The purpose of this study was to determine factors affecting prevention practices for dengue fever within the community. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the the municipality of Banda Aceh and district of Aceh Besar, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The sample size was 203, and the study instrument was a questionnaire. The study results showed that female respondents, 71 (75,5%) seem to have practiced prevention of dengue fever more as compared to the males (58,7%) or 64 respondents. Respondents in early adulthood (75 people or 54.7%) practiced more dengue prevention than older respondents. Meanwhile, respondents with higher levels of education, 85 (87.6%) practiced more dengue prevention than respondents with a middle level of education (47.2%) or 50 respondents. Respondents with good knowledge about dengue fever 128 (74%) practiced more prevention of dengue fever than respondent with a poor knowledge (23.3%) or 7 respondents. Respondents who had a positive attitude to the prevention of dengue fever, 108 (85.7%) practiced much more prevention than respondents who had a negative attitude (33.3%) or 25 respondents. Factors most affecting prevention practices for dengue fever were knowledge, attitude, education level, age and gender. Health promotion related to prevention of dengue fever should be done more in the media, especially using televison.

Álcool e drogas na atenção primária: avaliando estratégias de capacitação / Alcohol and drugs in primary care: evaluating strategies for training / Alcohol y drogas en la atención primaria: evaluando estrategias de capacitación

O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar práticas de prevenção ao uso de risco de álcool e outras drogas adotadas por enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) capacitados nas modalidades presencial e à distância e por enfermeiros não capacitados. Os dados foram coletados através de roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada com sete enfermeiras que atuam na APS, e o procedimento analítico adotado foi a análise de conteúdo. Procedeu-se à análise de seis temas, a saber: capacitação; práticas; atitudes; crenças sobre álcool e outras drogas; conhecimentos específicos sobre tratamentos para álcool e outras drogas; sentimentos envolvidos ao lidar com o tema álcool e outras drogas. Os resultados sugerem que ainda prevalece a subutilização de práticas baseadas em evidências no tocante a álcool e outras drogas, e que um espaço de discussão permanente subsequente às capacitações serviria de reforço, em médio prazo, para a capacitação, aumentando o senso de autoeficácia para lidar com esta demanda.

This study aims to examine practices of prevention against the risky use of alcohol and other drugs adopted amongst Primary Health Care (PHC) nurses trained in different modalities - present and at a distance and also un-trained professionals. Data were collected following a semi-structured model of interview with seven nurses who worked in the PHC. A content analysis was adopted as the analytical procedure. Six themes were analyzed: training, practices, attitudes, beliefs about alcohol and other drugs; specific knowledge of treatments for alcohol and other drugs; feelings involved in dealing with the topics of alcohol and other drugs. The results suggest that the underutilization of evidence-based practice in relation to alcohol and other drugs is still prevailing, and that a permanent forum for discussion would serve to strengthen, at medium term, for training, increasing the sense of self-efficacy for dealing with this demand.

El presente estudio tiene por objetivo analizar prácticas de prevención al uso de riesgo del alcohol y otras drogas adoptadas entre enfermeros de la Atención Primaria a la Salud (APS) capacitados en modalidades presencial, a la distancia y profesionales no capacitados. Los datos fueron colectados a través del itinerario de la entrevista semiestructurada con siete enfermeras que actúan en la APS, siendo el análisis de contenido y procedimiento analítico adoptado. Se procedió al análisis de seis temas: capacitación; prácticas; actitudes; creencias sobre alcohol y otras drogas; conocimientos específicos sobre tratamientos para alcohol y otras drogas; sentimientos involucrados al lidiar con el tema del alcohol y otras drogas. Los resultados sugieren que todavía prevalezca la subutilización de prácticas fundamentadas en evidencia en lo tocante al alcohol y otras drogas, y que un espacio de discusión permanente subsecuente a las capacitaciones serviría de refuerzo, a medio plazo, para la capacitación, aumentando el sentido de autoeficacia para lidiar con ésta demanda.

The Degree of ZMother's Accident Prevention Practices for Their Children / 간호학회지

Accidents are the leading cause of death in children worldwide. The purpose of this study is to use basic data of safety education, counseling, and information available regarding accident prevention to examine the degree of mother's accident prevention practices for their children. Data were collected from June to October, 1998 from 587 mothers including 2 University hospitals located in Seoul and KyoungKi-Do. By using the 30 item questionnaire, which was created by researchers through literature review, the degree of mothers' accident prevention practices for their children was measured. The degree of accident prevention practices of mothers shown ranged 70-118 and averaged 3.19. Compared to the composit area average score, drug keeping had the highest score of 3.57. The next highest scores and traffic safety(3.41), and super vision of child(3.30). Prevention against burning was the lowest point at 2.58. With the respect to the demographic characteristics, there were statistically significant differences in the mothers' education(F=4.291, p=.014), type of residence(F=3.979, p=.008), and child developmental age(F=5.275, p=.001). The degree of accident prevention practices of mothers were relatively high. But the area which showed the low degree of accident prevention practices, required nurses' active education, counseling, social interest and support, and mass media participation.